A testing program is reported to evaluate the capacity of oxyacetylene fillet welds in a fatigue prone detail. Historical context is provided to evaluate the oxyacetylene weld performance and past structural applications. This test program showed that fillet welds exceeded the static design capacities based on current weld design practice. In addition, fatigue testing of these welds in a Category E detail demonstrated very consistent fatigue capacity and significantly exceeded the predicted life for a fatigue prone detail (Category E) for cycles exceeding 200,000. Based on these results, the authors propose that oxyacetylene welds could be considered as a viable alternative to arc weld processes when appropriate, subject to qualification testing. This may be relevant in the case of emergency repairs, welding in remote areas or where electrical sources are not present.